Egypt History

Arab Republic of Egypt (in Arabic مصر Miṣr). It is a country in Africa, located in its extreme northeast, and includes the Sinai Peninsula (which belongs to the Asian continent). Most of the surface is made up of the Sahara Desert, only inhabited around the oases. The capital is Cairo (القاهرة).

It is one of the most populated countries on the African continent, most of which sits on the banks of the Nile River and in the delta where the fertile land areas are. Almost half of Egyptians live in urban areas, mostly in the densely populated centers of the capital and Alexandria.

According to Ezinesports, Egypt is famous for the ancient civilization and the Monuments of Egypt, such as the Pyramids and The Sphinx of Giza ; the southern city of Luxor contains a large number of ancient remains, such as the Temple of Karnak and the Valley of the Kings. Today Egypt is an important political and cultural center of the Middle East.

Country Name

The word Egypt for the country of the pyramids was put by the Greeks. Kemet was the name in ancient Egypt that meant, “black earth,” referring to the silt that remained in the fields after each flood. The name Egypt was given by the Greeks, which derives from the Greek word Aygiptos. Today the Egyptians in Arabic call their country Misr. Word that comes from ancient times.

History

Elections 2014

After resigning from the post of Defense Minister, a necessary step to opt for head of state, Abdel Fattah al Sisi opted for the presidency of the North African nation, and won the position with an overwhelming margin over his only contender, Hamdeen Sabahi [1 ] .

Egyptian interim president, Adly Mansour, delivered the 8 of June of 2014 the leadership of his successor state to the Sisi, who took office after more than 11 months of political turmoil and economic uncertainty. The ceremony was held at the Ittihadia Palace, in the upper-class district of Heliopolis.

During the transmission of command, the new president praised the support of Saudi Arabia and its convening of a donor conference to help Egypt overcome the economic crisis in which it finds itself and mentioned the intention of returning to his country the leading role that it has played in Africa and the Levant.

Politic and government

The government and politics of Egypt is marked by the current Egyptian Constitution that was approved in a referendum on September 11, 1971, and later modified in 1981 and 2005. The Constitution was suspended by the military who took power after the resignation of President Mubarak in February 2011.

According to it, Egypt is an Arab Republic, of a social or socialist court with a democratic system where Islam is the official religion of the State and legal norms are based on the Koran, although the State is attributed the obligation to allow the worship of any religion. In fact, it is a presidential republic, with a moderate Islamic denominational state.

The legislative power belongs to the National Assembly, elected every five years by direct universal suffrage. The Legislative Assembly, made up of 458 members, appoints the President of the Republic every six years. The appointment must be confirmed by a popular referendum. The two houses of parliament were also dissolved by the military in February 2011.

The president has the right to be able to dissolve the Assembly at the time he deems appropriate.

The country has been led by the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces of Egypt since the overthrow of President Mubarak.

Language

The official language is Arabic, in Egypt. The Egyptian version of the Arabic language (Masri) is dominant in the Arab world, thanks to the exceptional importance that Egypt has in the media and education in this language. Egyptian Arabic has adopted elements of the Egyptian language since pre-Islamic times, as well as Turkish, French, and English. The Nubians speak the ancient Nubian language. The Berber language is used in various settlements in the western desert oases. Coptic Christians used to serve the liturgy. English and French are taught in Egyptian schools.

Religion

  • Islam 4% (2000)
    • Sunnism majority
      • Mosque of the Amr, 642
      • Ibn Tulun Mosque, 868
      • El-Mursi Abul-Abbas Mosque, 1307
      • Mosque of Muhammad Ali, 1830
    • Shiism, less than 1%
  • Christianity 1%
    • Coptic Orthodox Church 6%
      • Saint Cyril of Alexandria, s. III-IV
      • Hanging Church of Cairo
    • Protestantism 8%
    • Catholic Church 3%
  • Others 0.5%

Saints:

  • Catherine of Alexandria
  • Mary of Egypt

Egypt History

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